Robotic Process Automation (RPA) uses software robots to mimic human actions on computer systems — clicking buttons, filling forms, copying data between applications — to automate repetitive, rule-based tasks. Unlike AI agents that reason and make decisions, RPA follows predefined scripts precisely. A Moroccan bank might use RPA to transfer data from email attachments into its core banking system. RPA is often a first step toward automation before adding AI capabilities like natural language understanding.